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Surgeons of Horror

~ Dissecting horror films

Surgeons of Horror

Category Archives: Uncategorized

Sasquatch, the Legend of Bigfoot (1976) and the Problem of Filming a Legend

27 Tuesday Jan 2026

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American folklore has always been haunted by what it cannot prove.

Unlike the fixed monsters of European tradition, America’s creatures live in the margins — glimpsed, alleged, misremembered, always just beyond the frame. Bigfoot, perhaps more than any other, is not a monster of narrative but of testimony: a creature sustained less by sightings than by the human need to believe that the wilderness still hides something unconquered.

Sasquatch, the Legend of Bigfoot arrives squarely within that tradition — and reveals both the power and the limits of trying to film a myth that survives precisely because it refuses to be filmed.

The Documentary as Incantation

Disguised as a scientific expedition, the film adopts the trappings of documentary authority: talking heads, field notes, expedition footage, and a tone of sober investigation. Long before the codification of found footage or mockumentary horror, Sasquatch positions itself as evidence rather than entertainment.

This strategy is not accidental. Bigfoot cinema has always depended on simulation. The myth thrives on blurry images, partial tracks, unreliable narrators. To present Sasquatch clearly would be to kill it.

In theory, the pseudo-documentary form is the perfect vessel for American cryptid folklore.

In practice, the film mistakes method for meaning.

The Failure of Authority

What quickly becomes apparent is that the film has little interest in tension, character, or even narrative momentum. The expedition exists less as drama than as scaffolding for assertion. We are told what to believe far more often than we are shown why.

The scientists, meant to embody rational inquiry, function largely as mouthpieces for exposition. The wilderness becomes backdrop rather than threat. Even the encounters with the creature are staged with such caution that they generate neither terror nor awe.

The pseudo-documentary approach, instead of lending credibility, drains the film of mystery.

By explaining too much and revealing too little, the film occupies the worst of both worlds: neither persuasive as evidence nor effective as horror.

Bigfoot and the American Imagination

And yet, to dismiss the film entirely would be to ignore its curious cultural value.

Bigfoot is not merely a monster. He is an American anxiety.

He emerges from frontier guilt, from the erasure of indigenous histories, from the fear that something ancient survived westward expansion. He is the embodiment of unfinished conquest — a reminder that the wilderness was never fully tamed, only renamed.

Sasquatch, the Legend of Bigfoot gestures toward this lineage without ever articulating it. The film treats the creature as biological puzzle rather than cultural symptom. It wants to solve the legend, not understand it.

This is where the film’s ambition collapses.

By treating folklore as a problem to be disproved or confirmed, rather than a story to be interrogated, the film reduces myth to novelty.

When Myth Becomes Tourism

Much of the film feels less like investigation than like travelogue.

The expedition wanders, interviews drift, landscapes are photographed lovingly but without menace. The wilderness never becomes hostile, only scenic. The legend becomes an excuse for footage rather than a force shaping the narrative.

Even the final revelations — such as they are — lack conviction. The creature remains vague, the danger abstract, the consequences minimal.

What should feel like trespass instead feels like tourism.

The Prognosis:

Sasquatch, the Legend of Bigfoot survives as a historical curiosity rather than a successful work of horror.

It is significant less for what it achieves than for what it anticipates: the long lineage of found footage, mockumentary, and cryptid cinema that would later understand how to weaponise uncertainty rather than explain it away.

In trying to capture a legend, the film forgets the one rule folklore demands:

A myth only survives if you never look at it too closely.

  • Saul Muerte

Wendigo (2001) and Larry Fessenden’s Quiet Place in American Folk Horror

22 Thursday Jan 2026

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books, film, horror, movies, writing

American horror has always struggled with its own mythology.

Where European cinema leans effortlessly into castles, covens, and inherited superstition, American folklore remains fragmented — scattered across Native legend, Puritan fear, frontier violence, and the unresolved guilt of colonisation. Monsters here are rarely elegant. They are born of hunger, cold, isolation, and the uneasy sense that the land itself remembers what we have tried to forget.

Wendigo is one of the rare American horror films that attempts to take that legacy seriously.

Folklore in the Margins

Based on Algonquian legend, the Wendigo is not merely a creature but a concept: a spirit of starvation, greed, and moral collapse, born when humans consume more than they should — flesh, land, or power. It is a monster inseparable from colonial history, ecological dread, and cultural trespass.

Larry Fessenden, ever the scholar of marginal horror, understands this instinctively.

From its opening moments, Wendigo resists the trappings of mainstream genre cinema. There are no easy shocks, no baroque effects, no grand set-pieces. Instead, the film unfolds as a low-key domestic tragedy — a city family retreating to the countryside, bringing with them the casual arrogance of outsiders who believe nature is merely scenery.

When an accidental shooting ignites the film’s chain of events, the horror that follows feels less supernatural than inevitable.

Fessenden’s America

By 2001, Larry Fessenden had already established himself as one of American indie horror’s great caretakers — a filmmaker less interested in spectacle than in preservation. Through films like Habit and his later work on The Last Winter and Depraved, Fessenden has acted as both archivist and advocate for a strain of horror that treats myth as cultural memory rather than genre decoration.

Wendigo fits squarely within that mission.

This is not a film about a monster in the woods so much as a film about trespass: moral, ecological, and cultural. The family’s intrusion into rural space, their careless handling of firearms, their unthinking disruption of local rhythms — all feel like small sins accumulating toward punishment. When the legend of the Wendigo finally surfaces, it feels less like summoning than consequence.

In theory, this is rich terrain.

The Problem of Restraint

In practice, Wendigo struggles to fully embody the power of its own mythology.

Fessenden’s commitment to understatement, while admirable, often becomes a liability. The film withholds too much, too often. The creature remains largely abstract. The rituals feel gestural rather than revelatory. What should accumulate as dread instead drifts into ambiguity.

The central performances are competent but muted, and the domestic drama — meant to ground the supernatural — never quite achieves the emotional density required to make the horror resonate fully. The film gestures toward trauma, guilt, and moral rupture, but rarely pierces them.

When the Wendigo finally asserts itself, the moment feels conceptually powerful but cinematically undernourished.

Indie Horror as Preservation

And yet, to judge Wendigo purely by conventional standards would be to misunderstand its place in the larger ecosystem of American horror.

This is not exploitation. It is not entertainment-first. It is an act of cultural stewardship.

Fessenden belongs to a lineage of American indie filmmakers — alongside figures like Kelly Reichardt (in her own register), Jim Mickle, and later Robert Eggers — who treat landscape as archive and myth as history. He is less concerned with thrills than with keeping endangered stories alive, even when their cinematic translation proves imperfect.

In that sense, Wendigo is less a failure than a partial success: a film that reaches for something rare in American horror, even if it cannot quite grasp it.

The Prognosis:

Wendigo remains a fascinating but flawed entry in the canon of American folk horror.

It lacks the visceral impact of its European cousins, and the narrative control to fully harness its mythology. But it compensates with sincerity, scholarship, and a genuine respect for the dark stories embedded in American soil.

Some myths refuse to die.

Even when poorly told, they continue to haunt — not because they are frightening, but because they are true.

  • Saul Muerte

The Jester 2: When the Mask Slips, the Magic Fades

13 Thursday Nov 2025

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colin krawchuk, film, Halloween, horror, kaitlyn trentham, michael sheffield, movies, reviews, the jester

“You can’t cheat death twice.” The tagline for The Jester 2 knowingly toys with the very predicament its creators find themselves in: how do you resurrect a concept that, while promising, never quite mastered the trick the first time around? Colin Krawchuk’s sequel attempts to double down on the carnival of cruelty he began in 2023’s The Jester, expanding the mythology of its demonic mime while testing the limits of how much showmanship can mask repetition. The result is a film that juggles energy and invention in fleeting bursts, but too often trips on its own elaborate setup.

Picking up the pieces from the first outing’s father–daughter tragedy, The Jester 2 shifts focus to teen magician Max, whose sleight-of-hand becomes both metaphor and mechanism for survival. Her encounter with the titular killer—a supernatural trickster whose violence borders on ritual—sets in motion a classic Halloween-night pursuit that pits illusion against illusion. On paper, it’s a clever conceit: the hunted becomes the performer, blurring lines between spectacle and sacrifice. Yet for all its smoke and mirrors, the film struggles to find genuine suspense amid its flourishes.

What Krawchuk continues to capture well is the tactile texture of fear. His world feels grimy, tactile, and grounded in a kind of dark vaudeville sensibility that distinguishes The Jester from its obvious cousins—Terrifier and The Bye Bye Man among them. The set pieces have an almost mechanical rhythm to them: gears grind, lights flicker, and the inevitable payoff arrives with splattering precision. There are, admittedly, some inspired kills—moments that flirt with invention without surrendering to pure sadism—and they serve as small mercies in a film otherwise content to revisit its predecessor’s beats.

Performance-wise, newcomer Max (played with gritty conviction and just enough pathos from Trentham) gives the film its pulse. She lends emotional dimension to what might otherwise have been a mere exercise in Halloween carnage. The character’s duality as performer and prey allows for some intriguing thematic play—magic as self-delusion, survival as artifice—but these moments are fleeting, buried beneath narrative repetition and pacing issues that dull the edge.

If The Jester was about potential unrealised, The Jester 2 is about potential overplayed. It suffers the fate of many horror sequels: the impulse to explain what should remain mysterious. The mask, the mythos, the magic—all begin to fray under the weight of unnecessary exposition. What’s lost is the eerie enigma that made the character work best in the shorts—a phantom that needed no backstory to haunt us.

The Prognosis:

There’s a decent film hiding beneath the face paint—a story about performance, grief, and female agency wrapped in blood-streaked pageantry—but The Jester 2 can’t quite pull the rabbit from the hat. For every clever twist or gruesome flourish, there’s a scene that drags, a trick that lands flat. It’s an average follow-up that entertains enough to justify the ticket, but not enough to warrant an encore.

In the end, this jest feels familiar, its laughter hollow. The mask remains unsettling, the kills inventive—but the magic? It’s starting to vanish.

  • Saul Muerte

The Persistence of the Franchise Haunting: Revisiting The Conjuring: Last Rites and I Know What You Did Last Summer (2025)

26 Sunday Oct 2025

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freddie prinze jr, i know what you did last summer, jennifer love hewitt, michael chaves, patrick willson, the conjuring, the warrens, Vera Farmiga

As Halloween draws near, horror once again becomes a shared ritual — a season of remembrance for stories that refuse to stay dead. Surgeons of Horror continues its Halloweekend celebration by exploring two of the year’s biggest horror sequels — The Conjuring: Last Rites and I Know What You Did Last Summer (2025) — both of which resurrect familiar spirits for a new generation. Each film proves that in horror, the past is never truly buried. It lingers, waiting to be summoned.


In horror, nothing stays buried for long. The genre thrives on return — the killer who rises again, the curse that refuses to fade, the franchise that won’t go quietly into the night. As Halloween approaches, two recent releases — The Conjuring: Last Rites and I Know What You Did Last Summer (2025) — embody that familiar resurrection instinct. Both reach back into the collective unconscious of horror fandom, summoning their mythologies for one more invocation. The result? A cinematic séance with two very different spirits.

Where The Conjuring franchise has become synonymous with ecclesiastical dread and the poetics of possession, Last Rites marks its most reflective chapter yet. It is less about the shrieks in the dark than the quiet toll of faith under siege. Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga return with a weary grace, embodying spiritual endurance as Ed and Lorraine Warren face a final reckoning. The film’s success — the highest-grossing in the series to date — suggests that audiences still crave the sacred amid the spectral. Horror, after all, has always been the Church of the uncertain.

Director Michael Chaves, whose previous entries divided fans, appears here at his most composed. The film leans on ritual and rhythm, crafting its horror from slow encroachment rather than surprise. Where early Conjuring installments sought to make the invisible visible — the demonic literalised through spectacle — Last Rites internalises the terror. It becomes about spiritual corrosion and the limits of belief. The scares are fewer, but the unease lingers longer, like a stain that refuses absolution.

THE CONJURING: LAST RITES: BUY OR RENT NOW

If The Conjuring franchise operates as a gothic cathedral — all solemnity, candlelight, and conviction — then I Know What You Did Last Summer (2025) is its neon-lit funhouse mirror. Twenty-eight years on from the original, the slasher that once defined late-’90s cool has been reborn for a postmodern audience weaned on legacy sequels and self-awareness. The returning players — older, guiltier, carrying the weight of past sins — are now haunted less by the killer with a hook than by the cultural echo of their own youth.

The new Summer trades the slick polish of the original for something darker and more psychologically knotted. Director Jennifer Kaytin Robinson injects a contemporary anxiety into the glossy nostalgia — an unease about memory, mythmaking, and the impossibility of escape in a world where the past is always trending. It’s a film about being haunted by an earlier version of yourself, both on-screen and off. If The Conjuring: Last Rites examines faith as a haunted institution, I Know What You Did Last Summer dissects nostalgia as a haunted emotion.

I KNOW WHAT YOU DID LAST SUMMER: BUY OR RENT NOW

Taken together, the two films form an accidental dialogue about horror’s relationship with repetition. The genre has always been cyclical — the curse that returns, the scream that echoes — but in 2025, the loop feels newly self-conscious. We no longer revisit the past merely to reanimate it; we revisit to interrogate it. What does it mean that we find comfort in repetition? That audiences continue to gather for another exorcism, another confession, another reckoning with sins once buried? Perhaps the modern horror franchise is the truest ghost story of all: one where the spectre is the story itself, forever refusing release.

It’s telling that both films found such success not by reinventing their formulas but by leaning into legacy. The Conjuring: Last Rites positions itself as a summation — the solemn benediction of a franchise that once defined a new wave of studio horror. I Know What You Did Last Summer, meanwhile, taps into the ironic nostalgia economy, where a wink to the camera can coexist with genuine bloodletting. Between them lies the spectrum of modern horror’s obsessions: belief, guilt, and the inability to let go.

As studios mine familiar IPs for one more scare, it’s easy to be cynical. Yet these films remind us that the franchise model, at its best, functions like folklore — stories retold, reshaped, and reinterpreted for each generation. Every return is an exorcism, every revival a confession. And as long as we keep watching, the ghosts — cinematic or otherwise — will keep coming back.

In this year’s crowded Halloween line-up, Last Rites and I Know What You Did Last Summer stand not as nostalgic curios, but as mirrors reflecting horror’s restless soul. The genre’s truest power has never been novelty, but endurance. Horror doesn’t die — it reincarnates, forever compelled to haunt itself.

  • Saul Muerte

This article is part of Surgeons of Horror’s 2025 Halloweekend coverage — a series of features and retrospectives exploring horror’s many faces, from sacred hauntings to nostalgic revivals. Stay tuned for upcoming deep dives into Weapons, The Toxic Avenger, Freakier Friday, The Evil Dead, and HIM — because Halloween isn’t just a night. It’s a ritual.

A Halloweekend Movie Marathon: The Home Entertainment Guide

25 Saturday Oct 2025

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film, Halloween, horror, Horror movies, movies

Halloween rarely stays confined to a single night. The ritual of the Halloweekend—a three-day communion of darkness, nostalgia, and popcorn—has become an annual rite for horror fans. It’s a time when the barriers between the cinema and the living room dissolve, and the flicker of the television once again becomes our campfire glow. This year, as October 31st falls on a Friday, it’s the perfect excuse to transform your home into a theatre of the uncanny.

From franchise resurrections and genre experiments to reanimated cult icons and family-friendly frights, this year’s home entertainment line-up offers a spectrum of screams for every taste. Whether you crave dread-laden mythology, subversive satire, or a gentle chill that still lets the kids sleep at night, here’s your guide to building a Halloweekend Movie Marathon worthy of the season.


The Franchises Return: Evil Never Dies, It Just Streams Differently

Sequels are the lifeblood of the horror ecosystem, and 2024–2025 has delivered them with unholy enthusiasm. The Conjuring: Last Rites has become the highest-grossing entry in the franchise—proof that James Wan’s universe of haunted faith still has audiences under its spell. The film closes the Ed and Lorraine Warren saga with ritualistic grandeur, blending theological terror with operatic spectacle. It’s horror as folklore, deeply Catholic yet oddly romantic, and best watched with the lights off and the volume indecently high.

Hot on its spectral heels comes I Know What You Did Last Summer, the long-awaited sequel that trades the 1990s teen slasher sheen for something darker and more mournful. Age has crept into its survivors, and the sins of the past feel heavier, more human. Together, these two films form the perfect one-two punch for a Friday night of ghosts and guilt—two hauntings from opposite ends of the horror spectrum.

If you still have stamina after that, revisit The Black Phone. Scott Derrickson’s original remains a masterclass in slow-burn suspense, and Ethan Hawke’s masked performance feels destined to be rediscovered each Halloween.


Weapons of Fear: The New Face of Prestige Horror

For those who prefer their terror thoughtful, Weapons stands as this year’s dark horse—a meticulously constructed nightmare that unfolds with existential precision. Director Zach Cregger’s follow-up to Barbarian dissects masculinity and violence through a lens of cosmic dread, proving once again that the most terrifying monsters are often human. It’s not just horror; it’s arthouse apocalypse.

And just beyond the horizon lurks HIM—available to pre-order now and set to release in early November. Word from festival circuits teases something Lovecraftian, something deeply unsettling. If Weapons is about human violence, HIM promises to explore the unfathomable violence of the universe itself. For the serious horror aesthete, these two titles belong at the heart of your Halloweekend viewing.


Horror Meets Humour: The Body Horrific

Sometimes the only way to survive the darkness is to laugh through the blood. Together, starring Alison Brie and Dave Franco, does exactly that—fusing body horror with relationship disintegration in a way that’s both hilarious and grotesque. It’s Cronenberg by way of couple’s therapy, proof that the boundaries between love and revulsion remain dangerously thin.

Then there’s The Toxic Avenger (2025), the riotous revival of Troma’s most beloved mutant. Director Macon Blair reimagines the cult classic for a new age of environmental anxiety and pop-cultural absurdity. With Peter Dinklage and Kevin Bacon leading the chaos, it’s a delirious love letter to 1980s splatter cinema—messy, magnificent, and defiantly unclean. Expect a full-length exploration of this one soon on Surgeons of Horror, because The Toxic Avenger deserves more than a mere mention; it’s a mutation worth celebrating.


Family Frights: When the Night Belongs to Everyone

For those who prefer their ghosts gentle and their monsters misunderstood, Halloween can still be a shared experience. Freakier Friday offers body-swap comedy with a spectral twist—perfect for a family-friendly movie night that nods toward the macabre without the nightmares. Meanwhile, Tim Burton’s Corpse Bride remains a perennial classic, a gothic romance that continues to delight and haunt with its delicate stop-motion melancholy.

Pair these two for Sunday evening—an epilogue of warmth after the chaos, proof that the spirit of Halloween can be cosy, not just cold.


Classics Reawakened: Blood and Memory

No Halloween is complete without returning to the foundations. The Evil Dead (1981), Sam Raimi’s kinetic debut, remains one of the most visceral horror experiences ever committed to film. Its mixture of slapstick terror and relentless energy forged the DNA of modern horror filmmaking. Forty years later, its influence is still bleeding into the genre’s veins. Watching it today is like summoning the raw essence of what makes horror eternal: audacity, invention, and the thrill of transgression.


Curtain Call: The Comfort of Fear

Halloween on screen has evolved beyond simple scares—it’s a shared ritual, a space for collective catharsis. The modern horror fan might binge on supernatural sequels, dissect social allegories, or seek comfort in gothic animation. Yet the result is the same: we gather in the dark to feel alive.

This Halloweekend, the ghosts aren’t outside—they’re waiting in your queue. So dim the lights, queue up your terror of choice, and let the screen glow like a candle in the night.

  • Saul Muerte

From Crawl to Climax: Kiss of the Tarantula Finds Its Fangs in the Final Act

03 Friday Oct 2025

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So silent. So deadly. So final.

The mid-1970s horror market was awash with low-budget genre experiments, and Kiss of the Tarantula, directed by Chris Munger, fits neatly into that mould: a small-town thriller with a pulpy premise and an uneven execution. It’s a film that teeters on mediocrity for most of its runtime, but one that manages, almost unexpectedly, to crawl toward something far more compelling in its closing act.

The story follows Susan Bradley (Suzanna Ling), a troubled teenager whose closest companions are her pet tarantulas. Bullied, misunderstood, and scarred by childhood trauma, Susan turns her eight-legged friends into weapons, unleashing them on those who cross her. It’s a deliciously pulpy set-up—revenge served on a platter of fangs and venom—but the execution is too often sluggish, bogged down by pedestrian pacing and flat staging that sap the film of its potential bite.

For much of its runtime, Kiss of the Tarantula plays like a TV movie stretched too thin: the dialogue feels stilted, the performances serviceable but uninspired, and the horror largely tame. The spiders themselves are often more a novelty than a source of genuine terror, filmed with a kind of clumsy reverence that undercuts their menace. The film seems unsure whether it wants to be a serious psychological character study or a campy exploitation piece, leaving it stranded in the middle ground.

And yet, in its final act, something shifts. The atmosphere thickens, the tension sharpens, and the climax pays off with a burst of lurid energy that the preceding hour sorely lacked. Susan’s descent reaches a grim inevitability, and the film finally embraces its morbid premise with conviction. It doesn’t completely redeem the shortcomings, but it does leave the viewer with a stronger final impression than the slow middle stretch would suggest.

The Prognosis:

As a whole, Kiss of the Tarantula is far from a lost classic. It’s a curiosity, an example of 1970s regional horror that never quite capitalises on its deliciously twisted concept. Still, thanks to its striking finale, it avoids being dismissed outright. Mediocre for most of its length, lifted only at the end.

  • Saul Muerte

Dancing with Demons: SUN Burns Toxic Masculinity Alive in the Neon Abyss

25 Thursday Sep 2025

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cordell storm purnell, dark nights film fest, dominic lahiff, Lauren Kelisha Muller

There’s a point, somewhere around hour three of a sleepless binge on cigarettes and neon, when the city stops being a grid of steel and glass and becomes a writhing organism — teeth in the pavement, eyes in the gutters, a heartbeat under the asphalt. SUN lives in that fever-space, a feral descent through New York’s arteries, pumping black blood and paranoia, dragging a haunted dancer through a nightmare carnival of his own making.

Dominic Lahiff isn’t interested in narrative comfort or traditional story beats; he takes the audience by the throat and hurls them down a staircase of toxic masculinity, one cracked vertebra at a time. The dancer, played with apocalyptic intensity by Cordell “Storm” Purnell, becomes both predator and prey — a man poisoned by love, overprotection, and jealousy until it curdles into possession, body and soul. Watching him stumble through the city’s nocturnal labyrinth is like witnessing a man wrestle not just with ghosts but with the razor-bladed reflection in his own mirror.

And here’s where it goes nuclear: Lahiff choreographs this collapse not with words but with movement. Purnell’s physicality — twitching, spasming, exploding into motion like a man possessed by every violent urge his body has ever contained — becomes the language of descent. Dance as madness. Dance as confession. Dance as exorcism. It’s a performance that slips the leash of acting and lunges straight into the ritualistic.

The themes are sharp and cruel. SUN is a meditation on how men weaponize protection into control, how jealousy gnaws holes in the skull, how love can deform into something ravenous and diseased. Lahiff has no patience for redemption arcs — this is about confronting the rot, peeling back the skin, and finding not salvation but raw meat pulsing in the dark.

Visually, it’s a knockout. Every frame looks soaked in cigarette smoke and concrete sweat, the cinematography catching the city not as backdrop but as living antagonist. And the score — sweet hell, the score — it doesn’t just accompany, it punishes. A pounding, relentless soundtrack that syncs with Purnell’s movements until sound and body blur into one convulsive dirge. It’s like watching a man dance his way into the underworld with the subway screeching along as orchestra.

The Prognosis:

SUN is cinema as possession. A film that doesn’t want to be watched so much as endured, swallowed, vomited back up in chunks of neon and bile. It’s beautiful, it’s punishing, and it leaves you trembling in the realization that sometimes the monsters we fear aren’t lurking in the alleys of New York — they’re standing right behind our own eyes, grinning, waiting for the music to start.

  • Saul Muerte

SUN will screen as part of the Dark Nights Film Festival on Sunday 12th October at 3pm at The Ritz

Behind the Mask: Lon Chaney’s Transformation and Enduring Influence

03 Wednesday Sep 2025

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By the flickering gaslight of memory, we descend into the catacombs…

In the vast mausoleum of cinema’s past, there lies a spectral figure whose face has haunted generations — not because it was seen, but because it was revealed. Lon Chaney, the Man of a Thousand Faces, was no mere actor; he was an alchemist of the grotesque, conjuring anguish and terror from wax and wire, shadow and silence. And in 1925, beneath the vaulted ceilings of the Paris Opera House — conjured on Universal’s backlot like a fever dream of Gothic excess — he achieved his magnum opus: The Phantom of the Opera.

Chaney’s transformation into Erik, the Opera Ghost, was no simple matter of greasepaint and prosthetics. Nay — this was a self-inflicted metamorphosis, a cruel devotional rite. He stretched his nostrils with fishhooks, pulled back his lips with piano wire, stuffed cotton into his cheeks and contorted his nose with collodion and spirit gum until he became the very spectre that Leroux’s fevered imagination had birthed. Witnesses on set reportedly recoiled in real terror. It was not performance — it was possession.

The result? A revelation. The reveal of Chaney’s ghastly visage in the catacombs remains one of the most seismic shocks in silent cinema — a jolt not merely of fright, but of empathy twisted by horror. His Phantom was not the debonair recluse we would come to see in later years, but a tragic wretch — equal parts Mephistopheles and martyr.

This duality, this tightrope walk between monstrous and misunderstood, laid the foundation upon which every subsequent Phantom would totter. Claude Rains, in the Technicolor sprawl of 1943, became the tragic artist disfigured by acid — his descent not from birth but from betrayal. Herbert Lom, in the blood-tinted grandeur of Hammer’s 1962 adaptation, leaned into melancholic villainy, a Phantom forged by society’s indifference. Robert Englund — ever the sadistic showman — sliced his way through the 1980s in a slasher-inflected fever dream. And of course, Sir Andrew Lloyd Webber’s musical wraith — perhaps the most culturally ubiquitous — swapped horror for high romance, crooning beneath the chandelier with yearning rather than rage.

Yet all of them, every last Phantom, owed a debt to Chaney.

His influence was not confined to narrative or design — it permeated cinema’s very DNA. The idea that the monster is also the victim, that the face behind the mask might inspire pity rather than revulsion — this was Chaney’s gospel. His Phantom is cinema’s first antihero in full — a sympathetic spectre long before capes and cowls became a genre of their own.

And let us not forget his legacy behind the lens. Chaney’s refusal to allow studio make-up artists near his face gave birth to the actor-as-architect — the performer who carves the mask himself. In his wake came Karloff, Lugosi, even Brando in his monstrous mumble. Every character actor who lost themselves in latex and madness owes a nod to the man who first made the grotesque beautiful.

He died in 1930, silenced by throat cancer before the talkies could claim his growl. But he remains eternal — not just in celluloid, but in spirit. Every time a horror film dares to ask us to empathise with the beast, every time a mask slips to reveal a wound, it is Chaney we are glimpsing beneath the flesh.

So raise your glass, dear reader, to the man who made the shadows sing. For behind every mask, there is pain. And behind that — if we dare look closely enough — there is Lon Chaney.

  • Saul Muerte

A Cathedral of Sound and Silence: The Importance of Music in a Silent Masterpiece

Send More Paramedics: 40 Years of The Return of the Living Dead

15 Friday Aug 2025

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It’s been 40 years since The Return of the Living Dead shuffled, sprinted, and shrieked its way onto cinema screens, unleashing a chaotic blend of punk rock anarchy, grotesque splatter, and dark comedy that set it apart from the more solemn zombie canon of the time. Written and directed by Alien co-creator Dan O’Bannon in his directorial debut, the film took a side door into George A. Romero’s undead universe and blew it wide open with a mohawked middle finger.

Rather than emulate Romero’s social commentary-laden horrors, O’Bannon opted for something rowdier, more rebellious. He injected his tale with a subversive punk ethos that thrived on nihilism, attitude, and aesthetic chaos — fitting perfectly with the Reagan-era disillusionment bubbling beneath the surface of 1980s youth culture. From the moment the Tarman lurches from his canister with a gooey “Braaaains,” you know you’re in for something altogether weirder, louder, and dirtier.

A Director of Dark Ideas

O’Bannon’s fingerprints are all over this madness. Having previously collaborated with John Carpenter on Dark Star (1974), a lo-fi sci-fi satire, O’Bannon showed early signs of his interest in bureaucratic ineptitude, flawed authority figures, and characters who crack under pressure. Those themes are alive and well in Return, as Frank and Freddy (James Karen and Thom Mathews) bungle their way into doomsday with pitch-black comic flair. O’Bannon’s ability to juggle absurdity and dread feels like a spiritual continuation of Dark Star’s cosmic incompetence — only now with punk rock zombies and rib cages flying across the screen.

Linnea Quigley: Scream Queen Icon

No retrospective is complete without acknowledging Return’s punk siren, Linnea Quigley. As Trash — the cemetery-dancing, death-fantasizing goth girl — Quigley became a bona fide B-movie legend. Her performance isn’t just a campy cult favourite; it’s emblematic of a genre era where sex, gore, and attitude collided. I had the pleasure of interviewing Quigley in the early days of the Surgeons of Horror podcast, and her passion for indie horror and her status as a scream queen remain as potent today as ever.

https://creators.spotify.com/pod/profile/saul-muerte8/embed/episodes/Queen-of-the-Bs—Linnea-Quigley-interview-erotlb/a-a4rf2dc

The Sound of the Underground

One of the film’s most enduring legacies is its soundtrack. It didn’t just accompany the movie — it was the movie’s beating heart. Featuring tracks from The Cramps, 45 Grave, T.S.O.L., The Damned, and Roky Erickson, the music seethes with defiance and doom. The soundtrack wasn’t an afterthought; it was a manifesto. It locked the film into the punk subculture and turned it into a midnight movie mainstay, the kind you quoted at parties and watched on scratched VHS at 2AM with your loudest friends.

A Cult That’s Still Kicking

The Return of the Living Dead didn’t just inspire sequels — it inspired a lifestyle. Its heady mix of gallows humour, splatterpunk visuals, and self-awareness gave rise to a devoted fanbase who still scream “Send more paramedics!” at screenings. Its zombies are fast, smart, and unrelenting, subverting Romero’s rules and adding fresh panic to the genre. And its influence bleeds through countless horror-comedies that followed, from Dead Alive to Shaun of the Dead.

Though not always polished — the film wears its rough edges like badges of honour — Return survives as a riotous time capsule of punk horror energy. Dan O’Bannon may have only directed a handful of films, but this one alone is enough to keep his name in the horror hall of fame.

The Prognosis:

Forty years on, The Return of the Living Dead still kicks, bites, and thrashes. Whether you’re here for the brains, the tunes, or the screaming, mohawked zombies, there’s no denying its impact on horror, punk culture, and midnight movie fandom.

  • Saul Muerte

All the Gods in the Sky (2018): A Bleak Communion of Trauma and Cosmic Longing

04 Monday Aug 2025

Posted by surgeons of horror in Movie review, Uncategorized

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film, horror, jean-luc couchard, melanie gaydos, Movie review, movies, quarxx, reviews, shudder, shudder australia

Quarxx’s All the Gods in the Sky (Tous les dieux du ciel) is not easily categorised, and that’s entirely the point. Sitting somewhere between psychological horror, arthouse drama, and cosmic nightmare, this French genre-bender takes its time and isn’t afraid to make its audience uncomfortable—both emotionally and philosophically.

At the centre of this bruising tale is Simon, a deeply troubled factory worker played with quiet intensity by Jean-Luc Couchard. Isolated on a decaying farmhouse in the French countryside, Simon devotes his life to caring for his sister Estelle (Melanie Gaydos), who was left severely disabled due to a tragic accident during their childhood. The pair exist in a shared purgatory of guilt, silence, and unresolved trauma.

Quarxx delivers a slow punch of a film—one that creeps under your skin not with conventional jump scares, but with mood, decay, and despair. It builds its atmosphere with surgical precision, weaving in splinters of sci-fi, existential dread, and surrealism. Simon’s fixation with extraterrestrial salvation offers a disturbing mirror into his desperation—a hope that something beyond this earth might rescue them from their irreversible reality.

While not all of its experimental swings land perfectly, the film is bolstered by weighty performances and a haunting visual style. The bleak, moldy interiors and ghostly farm exterior evoke a tactile sense of rot, both physical and spiritual. Quarxx makes no effort to handhold the viewer, instead demanding that we wade through the same confusion and torment as Simon himself.

All the Gods in the Sky is certainly not a film for everyone. Its pacing is deliberate, its emotional resonance often brutal, and its genre elements veer from subtle to grotesque. But for those willing to embrace its unsettling tones, there’s something strangely transcendent at its core—a meditation on guilt, disability, and the yearning for escape, whether divine or alien.

The Prognosis:

Though it never fully ascends into the upper tier of arthouse horror, it remains a distinct and memorable piece—an otherworldly prayer whispered from the darkest corners of human suffering.

  • Saul Muerte

All The Gods in the Sky premieres on Shudder and AMC+ Monday 4 August

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