There’s no better way to close a retrospective of 1960s horror cinema than with Horrors of Malformed Men, a fever dream of grotesquery and surrealism that was so transgressive, it vanished from circulation for decades. Directed by cult provocateur Teruo Ishii and loosely inspired by the works of Japanese mystery and erotic horror master Edogawa Ranpo, this film stands as one of the most controversial and singularly strange entries in the genre’s long, bloodied history.
The film begins in familiar pulp-horror territory: a young medical student escapes from an asylum, assumes the identity of his apparent double, and is drawn into the dark secrets surrounding a remote island populated by deformed men and ruled by a mad, god-complex-driven scientist. But what unfolds is anything but conventional. Ishii tosses gothic horror, grotesque body imagery, kabuki theatre, Freudian nightmares, and existential dread into a blender and hits mutilate.
More art-house hallucination than straight horror, Horrors of Malformed Men taps into deep post-war anxieties and long-standing cultural taboos around deformity, insanity, and identity. The film’s exploration of physical abnormality and psychological trauma, paired with scenes of near-surrealist horror, earned it an immediate ban in Japan. For decades, it remained unseen, whispered about in underground cinephile circles as a kind of forbidden fruit of Japanese cinema.
And yet, beyond the scandal lies something undeniably compelling: Ishii’s direction is bold and ambitious, mixing low-budget exploitation with a high-concept fever dream. Every frame carries a strange beauty or disquieting detail, enhanced by Jiro Takemura’s eerie score and the film’s striking use of theatrical staging. The lead performance from Teruo Yoshida is appropriately wide-eyed and distressed, anchoring the chaos with a tragic, almost operatic sense of fate.
It’s a film that refuses to sit still — shifting from gothic melodrama to art-house allegory to grindhouse freakshow in a heartbeat. It doesn’t always hold together narratively, and its tone can veer wildly, but that dissonance only amplifies the experience. Like a hallucination you can’t quite shake, it lingers.
In a decade where censorship and moral panic loomed large, Horrors of Malformed Men wore its taboos on its sleeve — and paid the price. But with time, it has emerged as a boundary-pushing relic of Japanese cinema history, a nightmarish outlier that still startles and fascinates.
The Prognosis:
As the 1960s came to a close, this film seemed to herald what horror cinema would increasingly become in the decades ahead: challenging, transgressive, and unafraid to look into the abyss. It’s a flawed but unforgettable swan song to a daring era.
Premiering Exclusively on Shudder, AMC+ and HIDIVE – Friday 30 May “In a world ruled by vampires, only a half-blood dares to hunt them.”
When Vampire Hunter D premiered in 1985, few could have predicted the cultural ripple effect it would have across manga, anime, and horror for decades to come. Now, forty years later, this gothic, genre-defying milestone returns with a long-awaited streaming premiere on Shudder, AMC+, and HIDIVE—offering a perfect moment to reflect on its enduring power.
Set in the far-flung future of 12,090 A.D., the film unfolds in a post-apocalyptic landscape where science and sorcery coexist, and humanity lives in fear under the rule of the vampire Nobility. At its centre is Doris Lang, a brave young woman marked for unholy matrimony by the ancient Count Magnus Lee. Her only hope lies in the hands of a mysterious wanderer known only as D—an enigmatic vampire hunter with a tragic secret etched into his very bloodline.
Directed by Toyoo Ashida and based on the novel by Hideyuki Kikuchi with iconic illustrations by Yoshitaka Amano, Vampire Hunter D was a revelation for its time. It merged the aesthetics of Western horror—Dracula, Frankenstein, Lovecraft—with a distinctly Japanese post-apocalyptic flair, opening a door to global audiences that had rarely encountered horror anime in this form. The film’s blend of violence, melancholy, and romanticism felt alien and refreshing—an animated Gothic western that flirted with sci-fi, body horror, and dark fantasy.
The horror in Vampire Hunter D is not just visual—it’s atmospheric. Shadowy castles, mutated creatures, and the decaying elegance of the vampire Nobility all serve to create an air of terminal beauty, where death and corruption linger in every frame. The film pulses with dread, not just from its antagonists, but from the melancholic burden D carries as a dhampir—caught between two worlds, never at home in either.
Manga, and later anime, would absorb and amplify these motifs. Vampire Hunter D helped normalise horror as a serious mode within manga storytelling, inspiring a lineage that includes Berserk, Hellsing, Claymore, and Attack on Titan. Its DNA can be traced through the decades, proving that gothic horror, when stylised with poetic nihilism and speculative world-building, could resonate far beyond Japan.
Though animation has since evolved in leaps and bounds, there’s a charm in Vampire Hunter D’s hand-drawn grit—a visual texture that feels inseparable from its era and identity. It may lack the polish of modern anime, but it makes up for it in atmosphere, tone, and mythic presence.
The Prognosis:
As it celebrates its 40th anniversary with a new generation of fans ready to rediscover it, Vampire Hunter D still holds its scythe high. Part horror, part tragedy, and wholly influential, it remains a cornerstone of horror anime—and proof that even in a world of monsters, the greatest fear often lies within the hero himself.
Retrospective Review bySaul Muerte
Vampire Hunter D premieresexclusively on Shudder, AMC+ and HIDIVE – Friday 30 May
Few films capture the terrifying extremes of desire and artistic obsession as viscerally as Blind Beast (盲獣, 1969), directed by Yasuzō Masumura. Adapted from Edogawa Rampo’s twisted tale, this haunting psychological horror film immerses viewers in a nightmarish world where the boundaries between love, art, and cruelty blur beyond recognition. As a prime example of Japan’s pinku eiga movement, Blind Beast is both provocative and deeply unsettling, an eerie descent into madness that remains as hypnotic as it is disturbing.
The film follows a blind sculptor, Michio, who kidnaps an artists’ model, Aki, and imprisons her in his warehouse studio—a surreal, cavernous space adorned with grotesque sculptures of oversized body parts. In this tactile prison, Michio seeks to craft the ultimate masterpiece, guided only by touch and an all-consuming obsession with the female form. As the two become locked in a perverse battle of control and submission, their dynamic spirals into a shocking climax that pushes the limits of psychological horror.
Masumura’s direction transforms Blind Beast into a fever dream of sensual horror. The set design alone is unforgettable—giant, looming sculptures of lips, breasts, and limbs create a surrealist landscape that feels more like a descent into the subconscious than a physical location. This oppressive, tactile environment enhances the film’s themes of blindness, sensation, and the distortion of reality. The film’s use of lighting, shadow, and close-ups amplifies the claustrophobia, making Aki’s entrapment feel as much psychological as it is physical.
Unlike many films within the pinku eiga genre, Blind Beast isn’t merely an exercise in exploitation; it’s a deeply unsettling meditation on power, art, and the consuming nature of obsession. The performances, particularly by Mako Midori as Aki, elevate the material beyond its pulp origins. Her transformation from victim to something far more complex is both terrifying and mesmerising, reinforcing the film’s psychological depth.
That said, Blind Beast isn’t for everyone. Its slow, methodical pacing and unnerving themes may alienate viewers looking for more conventional horror. However, for those drawn to the eerie, the grotesque, and the philosophical, it stands as a singularly unique film—a macabre masterpiece.
Hiroshi Matsuno’s Living Skeleton (Kyūketsu Dokuro-sen) is a curious relic of 1960s Japanese horror—an eerie ghost story wrapped in revenge thriller trappings, with a striking visual palette that occasionally outshines its uneven narrative.
The film opens with a brutal act of piracy: a group of thieves slaughter the crew of a cargo ship, including a newlywed doctor, before subjecting his wife to a horrific fate. Three years later, her twin sister is drawn into a cycle of vengeance, as the killers begin to meet ghastly ends. What follows is a surreal and often hypnotic tale of supernatural retribution, blending gothic horror with psychological unease.
Matsuno’s direction leans heavily on shadow-drenched cinematography, making excellent use of stark black-and-white visuals that give the film a dreamlike, almost otherworldly quality. The maritime setting—complete with mist-covered waters and ghostly apparitions—enhances the atmosphere, at times recalling the expressionistic horror of Onibaba (1964) or Kwaidan (1964).
Where Living Skeleton falters is in its pacing and coherence. While the film’s themes of trauma, guilt, and spectral justice are intriguing, the execution wavers between compelling and sluggish. Some sequences are drenched in atmospheric dread, while others drag under the weight of exposition. The supernatural elements, though often effective, sometimes feel more ornamental than fully realised.
Despite its flaws, Living Skeleton remains an interesting artifact of 1960s Japanese horror—one that offers ghostly thrills and a visual style that lingers. While not on the level of Japan’s finest horror exports, it’s an atmospheric, occasionally haunting voyage into vengeance from beyond the grave.
The late 1960s saw Japanese genre cinema flourish with kaiju epics, psychedelic sci-fi, and political allegories wrapped in B-movie spectacle. Kazui Nihonmatsu’s Genocide (War of the Insects) falls somewhere in between—a paranoid, apocalyptic thriller that mixes Cold War anxieties, biological horror, and hallucinatory madness. While its ideas are ambitious, the execution is often as chaotic as the swarming killer bugs at its centre.
The premise is instantly gripping: a U.S. military plane carrying a hydrogen bomb is taken down by an unnatural insect swarm, leaving the surviving personnel scrambling to understand the origin of this bizarre attack. What initially appears to be a man-versus-nature horror quickly spirals into an entanglement of war crimes, espionage, and human depravity.
Rather than focusing purely on the terrifying concept of killer insects, Genocide introduces a convoluted web of subplots. We have an unhinged American pilot experiencing nightmarish visions, an entomologist caught in a moral crisis, and a femme fatale with ulterior motives. Throw in anti-war messages, nuclear paranoia, and a touch of psychedelic weirdness, and you get a film that is as thematically dense as it is narratively tangled.
Unlike its contemporaries, Genocide offers little in the way of heroics or redemption. The film presents humanity as doomed—corrupt, self-destructive, and ultimately unworthy of survival. This nihilistic outlook might have been compelling if handled with a deft touch, but instead, it becomes exhausting. The lack of a clear protagonist or sympathetic characters makes it difficult to invest in the unfolding disaster.
There’s an intriguing notion at the film’s core: that the insect swarm is not merely a freak occurrence but a force of nature’s reckoning. The idea of tiny, insignificant creatures bringing about global catastrophe is an effective counterpoint to the grand scale of nuclear warfare. However, the film struggles to balance this environmental horror with its more outlandish elements, including mind control and Cold War conspiracies.
Visually, Genocide has its moments. The bug attacks, though limited by the era’s special effects, are often unsettling. Close-ups of writhing insects and eerie sound design give these sequences a skin-crawling quality. But elsewhere, the film suffers from pacing issues, awkward editing, and a general lack of cohesion.
The Prognosis:
Genocide is a film that bites off more than it can chew, weaving an apocalyptic narrative that is too messy to be truly effective. Its nihilistic tone and paranoia-fueled themes make for an interesting historical artifact, but as a horror film, it’s too convoluted and bleak to be satisfying. While there are glimpses of a fascinating eco-horror buried within, it ultimately drowns in its own chaotic swarm of ideas.
A young magistrate recalls three tales of heinous crimes committed by women, and the brutal punishments that ensued.
A Cinematic Descent into Ero Guro: Few filmmakers pushed the boundaries of Japanese cinema in the 1960s quite like Teruo Ishii. Known as the godfather of Japanese exploitation cinema, Ishii was instrumental in popularizing ero guro—a genre blending eroticism and grotesquerie, often rooted in historical or supernatural themes. Shogun’s Joy of Torture is one of his most infamous films, an anthology of sadistic punishments, brutal executions, and twisted morality tales that shocked audiences upon release.
The film is structured as three separate stories, each delving into themes of power, oppression, and the consequences of transgression in feudal Japan. These vignettes are marked by graphic depictions of torture, sexual violence, and extreme suffering, making it one of the most unsettling films of its time. Yet, beneath the extreme content, there is an undeniable artistry at play. Ishii’s masterful use of color, lighting, and atmosphere elevates Shogun’s Joy of Torture beyond mere shock value, crafting an experience that is as visually arresting as it is disturbing.
This film emerged at the dawn of Japan’s pink film movement, a wave of softcore erotic films that would dominate the nation’s underground cinema for decades. Unlike standard pink films, which leaned more toward romantic or comedic erotica, Ishii’s work was unrelentingly dark and often tied to historical narratives, reflecting the oppressive nature of the past and the inescapable suffering of its victims. Shogun’s Joy of Torture is particularly notable for its depiction of institutional cruelty—whether from the state, religious authorities, or social customs, Ishii presents a world where brutality is the status quo.
Though controversial, Shogun’s Joy of Torture was a precursor to the rise of more extreme Japanese cinema in the decades to follow, influencing filmmakers such as Takashi Miike. It remains a difficult watch, even by today’s standards, but for those interested in the intersection of horror, history, and ero guro aesthetics, it stands as a landmark of the genre.
Both The Ghastly Ones and Shogun’s Joy of Torture exemplify the outer limits of 1960s horror and exploitation cinema, albeit from very different cultural angles. Where Milligan’s work found itself caught in the wave of moral panic that swept through the UK in the 1980s, Ishii’s film helped shape the future of Japanese underground cinema. Both films challenge viewers with their content, making them fascinating case studies in censorship, controversy, and the evolution of genre filmmaking.
Released in 1968, Hajime Sato’s Goké, Body Snatcher from Hell (吸血鬼ゴケミドロ) stands as one of the most unique entries in Japan’s 1960s sci-fi and horror boom. Combining apocalyptic dread, alien invasion, and vampiric terror, Sato crafts a surreal, nightmarish vision that is as bold in its execution as it is bleak in its messaging. Though the film is far from polished, its stylistic flourishes and nihilistic tone leave an indelible mark on genre cinema.
The story begins with a plane crash in a remote, barren wasteland after a bizarre red glow in the sky signals something ominous. The crash survivors, an eclectic group of characters ranging from a politician to a widow, soon find themselves hunted by gelatinous alien creatures. These beings possess their victims, turning them into bloodthirsty vampires with grotesque gashes on their foreheads. As paranoia and distrust spread among the group, the alien menace reveals a chilling intent that transcends mere survival horror.
Hajime Sato, known for his work in genre films like The Golden Bat, injects Goké with a singular style that sets it apart from other 1960s horror. The film’s striking visuals—vivid orange skies, the eerie glow of the alien blobs, and the stark, desolate landscapes—create a surreal atmosphere that feels like a waking nightmare. The opening plane sequence alone, with its unnatural lighting and creeping tension, sets the tone for the otherworldly horror to come.
Sato’s direction balances campy elements with genuine dread, a challenging feat given the film’s low budget. The alien creatures, while rudimentary in design, are unsettling in their simplicity. The imagery of the possessed victims, with their blood-drained pallor and grotesque forehead wounds, leaves a lasting impression.
While the film revels in its sci-fi and horror tropes, it also serves as a biting commentary on humanity’s darker instincts. The survivors’ descent into selfishness, betrayal, and moral collapse mirrors the grim inevitability of the alien threat. In a post-war Japan still grappling with nuclear anxieties and Cold War tensions, Goké reflects a society haunted by existential dread and the spectre of its own self-destruction.
The film’s apocalyptic ending—bleak even by horror standards—underscores this nihilistic worldview. The aliens’ ultimate plan to extinguish humanity feels less like a villain’s scheme and more like a cosmic inevitability, hammering home the film’s themes of futility and doom.
While Goké excels in atmosphere and thematic ambition, its narrative can feel uneven, with some character dynamics coming across as contrived or underdeveloped. The cast, while serviceable, struggles at times to elevate the more melodramatic moments. Yet, these shortcomings are overshadowed by the sheer audacity of the film’s vision.
The film’s mashup of sci-fi, horror, and social allegory was undoubtedly ahead of its time, influencing later works like Alien and even The Thing. Its rawness and unpolished charm lend it a distinct identity, making it a standout in Japan’s rich genre cinema of the 1960s.
Fifty-five years later, Goké, Body Snatcher from Hell remains a fascinating artifact of 1960s genre filmmaking. Hajime Sato’s unique vision elevates what could have been a campy B-movie into a surreal and unsettling experience. Its themes of paranoia, human frailty, and inevitable doom feel as relevant today as they did in the turbulent era of its release.
Though not without its flaws, Goké is a testament to the power of bold storytelling and stylistic ambition, earning its place as a cult classic of cosmic horror.
Kaneto Shindō’s Kuroneko (Black Cat in the Bamboo Grove) is a haunting masterpiece of Japanese cinema that blends ghostly folklore, revenge, and heart-wrenching tragedy into a tale as elegant as it is unsettling. Released in 1968, this chilling horror drama unfolds in the Sengoku period, an era rife with war and moral decay, serving as the perfect backdrop for its story of loss, love, and vengeance.
The film begins with a brutal act of violence: a mother and daughter are raped and murdered by marauding samurai, their home consumed by fire. Left in the ashes, their spirits return as onryō—vengeful ghosts—manifesting as black cats that lure unsuspecting samurai to their doom. This chilling setup is a stark indictment of wartime atrocities, as Shindō uses the supernatural as a vehicle to critique human cruelty.
When the local governor learns of the mysterious deaths, he dispatches Gintoki, a fiercely loyal and hotheaded young warrior, to eliminate the ghostly threat. What follows is a beautifully tragic confrontation between Gintoki and the two spirits, who reveal themselves to be the vengeful mother and daughter. Bound by love and duty, Gintoki must face the devastating realisation of his connection to the ghosts, leading to a climactic battle that is as emotionally charged as it is visually stunning.
The cinematography by Kiyomi Kuroda is nothing short of breathtaking. Shindō and Kuroda craft a visual world that feels both otherworldly and deeply rooted in Japanese tradition. The bamboo forest, bathed in soft moonlight, becomes an ethereal stage for the unfolding drama. The interplay of light and shadow creates a dreamlike atmosphere, where every frame is as meticulously composed as a classical painting. The spectral appearances of the women, draped in flowing white robes and gliding across the screen, are hauntingly beautiful, embodying the eerie elegance that defines the film.
At its heart, Kuroneko is a story about love and loss. The bond between the mother and daughter, even in death, adds a poignant layer to the horror. Their revenge is not born of pure malice but of righteous fury against the injustice done to them. The film also explores Gintoki’s torn loyalties as he grapples with his duty to the state and his personal ties to the ghosts. This emotional complexity elevates the film beyond a mere tale of vengeance, making it a deeply human story.
The score by Hikaru Hayashi further enhances the film’s haunting quality, blending traditional Japanese sounds with a sense of otherworldly dread. The music is sparse yet impactful, heightening the tension and underscoring the tragic beauty of the story.
Kuroneko is not just a horror film; it is a meditation on the cyclical nature of violence, the consequences of war, and the indelible scars left on the human soul. It weaves together horror, romance, and social commentary in a way that few films achieve.
Kaneto Shindō’s ability to balance the macabre with the poetic makes Kuroneko a standout work of Japanese cinema. Its evocative storytelling, exceptional cinematography, and emotional depth ensure its place as a timeless classic.
In the mid-1960s, when Japanese cinema was dominated by the cultural phenomenon of kaiju films like Godzilla and Gamera, Daiei Film took a bold step in combining the monster movie format with historical samurai dramas. Daimajin, the trilogy that arose from this fusion, delivered a genre-defying experience that stood apart from its kaiju contemporaries, creating an eerie, mythical aura rarely seen in giant creature features.
While the Daimajin trilogy might not have the same name recognition as Godzilla, it is significant for its impressive visuals, atmospheric storytelling, and unique setting. The fusion of feudal Japan’s historical turmoil with the giant, vengeful spirit of Daimajin (a stone statue that comes to life to exact justice) gave the films a distinctive tone. With themes of divine retribution and tyrannical oppression, the trilogy explored the darker side of humanity while delivering the kind of destruction that kaiju fans craved.
Daimajin (1966) – A Slow-Burning Myth with Spectacular Payoff
The first film, Daimajin, set the foundation for what would become a visually stunning and emotionally gripping trilogy. Directed by Kimiyoshi Yasuda, it begins as a classic samurai film—depicting the downfall of a noble family at the hands of a cruel warlord. The pacing of the film is deliberate, taking time to build tension as the oppressed villagers pray to their god for vengeance. The spectacle arrives in the final act when Daimajin, a towering stone idol, comes to life to rain destruction upon the warlord and his soldiers.
The film’s cinematography is stunning, capturing the landscapes of Japan with a painterly quality that juxtaposes beauty and terror. When Daimajin awakens, the visual effects, especially for the time, are impressive, blending miniature sets with practical effects that still manage to captivate modern audiences. The film’s slow build toward Daimajin’s wrathful destruction is what makes it so impactful, transforming the giant statue into a near-mythical force of nature.
Return of Daimajin (1966) – Larger Scale, Greater Stakes
Return of Daimajin, directed by Kenji Misumi, expanded on the first film’s mythos while upping the ante with more intense action and grander spectacle. Once again, the plot focuses on a tyrannical ruler terrorizing innocent villagers, this time with the stakes higher as Daimajin awakens to rescue a captured princess and exact revenge on the corrupt regime. The film’s larger scale is evident in its more elaborate set pieces, such as the visually arresting dam-bursting sequence, which marks Daimajin’s awakening.
Misumi, known for his work on the Zatoichi films, brings a sense of grounded humanity to the proceedings. The strong performances, particularly from the supporting cast, add weight to the moral tale at the film’s heart. This balance between human drama and supernatural terror distinguishes Return of Daimajin as a worthy sequel, though it treads similar narrative ground to the original. Once again, Daimajin’s awakening is a climactic spectacle of destruction, showing off the brilliant set design and practical effects.
Daimajin Strikes Again (1966) – A Climactic Journey
The third and final installment, Daimajin Strikes Again, takes a slightly different approach by focusing on a group of children who set off on a dangerous journey to free their fathers, who have been enslaved by yet another ruthless warlord. Directed by Kazuo Mori, the film shifts the focus from political machinations to a more personal, intimate story. This shift in perspective gives the film a refreshing energy, as the children’s bravery becomes the emotional core of the narrative.
Though the change in focus might seem lighter, the film retains the trilogy’s somber, oppressive atmosphere. When Daimajin awakens, the action is as thrilling as ever, though the formula by now feels somewhat familiar. However, the film’s final act, with Daimajin battling through a snow-covered landscape, remains a standout sequence in the trilogy. The cold, desolate backdrop adds a stark contrast to the fiery wrath of Daimajin, making for a visually striking climax.
Legacy and Influence
While Daimajin never reached the international acclaim of Godzilla or Gamera, its unique blending of genres and its commitment to practical effects have left a lasting impact on both kaiju and samurai cinema. The films stand as a testament to the creativity of 1960s Japanese cinema, a period that saw experimentation and innovation, especially in genre filmmaking.
The visual style, in particular, remains one of the trilogy’s strongest elements. From the majestic wide shots of feudal Japan’s countryside to the dark, brooding presence of Daimajin, the films exude an artistic quality that transcends their genre origins. The performances, too, particularly from the stoic villagers and tyrannical warlords, lend the films a gravitas that elevates the kaiju mayhem into something more meaningful.
Daimajin: The God of Vengeance
The Daimajin trilogy stands as a unique entry in 1960s Japanese cinema, merging the mythic with the monstrous to create a trilogy that is both visually captivating and thematically rich. While each film follows a similar formula, the execution of that formula is consistently strong, thanks to the skilled direction, powerful performances, and attention to visual storytelling.
For fans of kaiju films and Japanese period dramas alike, the Daimajin trilogy offers a fascinating blend of both, with the stone god serving as an avatar of divine justice—a force of nature that punishes the corrupt and protects the innocent.
Despite some repetition in its formula, the Daimajin trilogy remains a visually stunning, culturally rich series that deserves more recognition in the canon of Japanese genre cinema.