Jean Rollin’s The Rape of the Vampire (Le Viol du Vampire) debuted in 1968 to a hailstorm of controversy, catcalls, and hostile reviews. Yet, in hindsight, this audacious and surreal film marked the birth of a unique cinematic voice—one whose recurring themes of vampirism, eroticism, and gothic imagery would define Rollin’s legacy as one of France’s most singular auteurs.

It’s important to note that The Rape of the Vampire wasn’t initially conceived as a full-length feature. Rollin originally shot Le Viol du Vampire as a short film intended to stand alone. However, when producers demanded a feature-length runtime, Rollin extended the narrative by adding a second part: The Vampire Woman (or Queen of the Vampires). The result is a film that feels both disjointed and dreamlike, with its stitched-together structure amplifying its surrealist tone.

The story’s fractured nature doesn’t so much hinder the film as enhance its otherworldly, almost hypnotic quality. It’s as if Rollin’s vampires inhabit a world where logic is secondary to atmosphere and emotion—a hallmark that would become a defining characteristic of his later work.

From his very first film, Rollin introduced themes that would permeate his career. Vampires, of course, are the focal point—here portrayed not as mindless predators but as tragic, misunderstood figures caught between life and death. The film’s gothic imagery, including crumbling castles and mist-shrouded cemeteries, reveals Rollin’s fascination with decayed beauty and timeless spaces.

Perhaps most notably, The Rape of the Vampire introduced Rollin’s pronounced taste for eroticism and taboo. The film is suffused with a sensuality that borders on the voyeuristic, reflecting not only the countercultural spirit of the late 1960s but also Rollin’s enduring interest in exploring the intersection of desire, death, and the supernatural. Themes of lesbianism, another Rollin hallmark, are also present, weaving a subversive layer of sexuality into the narrative.

Upon its release, The Rape of the Vampire was met with vitriolic criticism. French audiences and critics, expecting a traditional horror film, were unprepared for its avant-garde style, non-linear storytelling, and overt eroticism. Screenings were reportedly marked by boos, jeers, and even walkouts.

However, over time, the film has been reevaluated as a daring and deeply personal work. What initially seemed like incoherence now reads as deliberate surrealism, and its transgressive content has been embraced as a bold rejection of mainstream cinematic conventions.

While The Rape of the Vampire may not represent Jean Rollin at the height of his powers, it laid the groundwork for his subsequent masterpieces, such as The Nude Vampire (1970) and The Shiver of the Vampires (1971). It also established Rollin’s signature aesthetic: a haunting blend of gothic horror, eroticism, and poetic melancholy that remains unmatched in the genre.

The Rape of the Vampire stands as a fascinating, if flawed, debut. It’s a film that heralded the arrival of a director unafraid to blur the line between horror and art, even if it meant alienating audiences along the way. For fans of Rollin or those willing to embrace the surreal, this first bite into his vampiric oeuvre is well worth revisiting.

• Saul Muerte