The late 1960s saw Japanese genre cinema flourish with kaiju epics, psychedelic sci-fi, and political allegories wrapped in B-movie spectacle. Kazui Nihonmatsu’s Genocide (War of the Insects) falls somewhere in between—a paranoid, apocalyptic thriller that mixes Cold War anxieties, biological horror, and hallucinatory madness. While its ideas are ambitious, the execution is often as chaotic as the swarming killer bugs at its centre.

The premise is instantly gripping: a U.S. military plane carrying a hydrogen bomb is taken down by an unnatural insect swarm, leaving the surviving personnel scrambling to understand the origin of this bizarre attack. What initially appears to be a man-versus-nature horror quickly spirals into an entanglement of war crimes, espionage, and human depravity.

Rather than focusing purely on the terrifying concept of killer insects, Genocide introduces a convoluted web of subplots. We have an unhinged American pilot experiencing nightmarish visions, an entomologist caught in a moral crisis, and a femme fatale with ulterior motives. Throw in anti-war messages, nuclear paranoia, and a touch of psychedelic weirdness, and you get a film that is as thematically dense as it is narratively tangled.

Unlike its contemporaries, Genocide offers little in the way of heroics or redemption. The film presents humanity as doomed—corrupt, self-destructive, and ultimately unworthy of survival. This nihilistic outlook might have been compelling if handled with a deft touch, but instead, it becomes exhausting. The lack of a clear protagonist or sympathetic characters makes it difficult to invest in the unfolding disaster.

There’s an intriguing notion at the film’s core: that the insect swarm is not merely a freak occurrence but a force of nature’s reckoning. The idea of tiny, insignificant creatures bringing about global catastrophe is an effective counterpoint to the grand scale of nuclear warfare. However, the film struggles to balance this environmental horror with its more outlandish elements, including mind control and Cold War conspiracies.

Visually, Genocide has its moments. The bug attacks, though limited by the era’s special effects, are often unsettling. Close-ups of writhing insects and eerie sound design give these sequences a skin-crawling quality. But elsewhere, the film suffers from pacing issues, awkward editing, and a general lack of cohesion.

The Prognosis:

Genocide is a film that bites off more than it can chew, weaving an apocalyptic narrative that is too messy to be truly effective. Its nihilistic tone and paranoia-fueled themes make for an interesting historical artifact, but as a horror film, it’s too convoluted and bleak to be satisfying. While there are glimpses of a fascinating eco-horror buried within, it ultimately drowns in its own chaotic swarm of ideas.

• Saul Muerte